CRYONANO
Bitter Type Electromagnet
High-Field, Large-Bore Bitter Magnets for Advanced Research Applications
CryoNano designs and manufactures Bitter-type DC electromagnets engineered for generating high magnetic fields with exceptional thermal stability, making them ideal for demanding applications such as gyrotrons, accelerator physics, plasma research, and high-power microwave systems.
Our Bitter magnets follow the classic Francis Bitter design, offering superior heat dissipation and scalability compared to conventional wire-wound coils.
Magnet Construction Details
CryoNano Bitter electromagnets are constructed using a stack of precision-machined copper Bitter plates separated by high-strength insulating spacers. Unlike traditional solenoids made from wound conductors, current flows through a helical path formed by the stacked copper plates, enabling extremely high current densities.
To manage the intense resistive heating generated at high fields, integrated water-cooling channels are incorporated directly into the Bitter plates. De-ionized cooling water flows axially through aligned holes in each plate, ensuring efficient and uniform heat removal.
This architecture enables:
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High magnetic field per unit power
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Excellent thermal stability
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Continuous or long-duration operation
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Mechanical robustness under electromagnetic stress
Typical Magnet Specifications
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Magnet Type: Air-core DC Bitter Electromagnet
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Inner Bore Diameter: 65 mm
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Axial Length: 300 mm
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Maximum Central Magnetic Field: Up to 1.1 Tesla
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Field Profile:
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Peak field at magnet center
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Symmetric axial field reduction on either side of the center
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Coil Configuration:
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Dual concentric coils
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Series electrical connection
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Outer coil constructed from multiple Bitter plate layers per turn
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Final mechanical configuration can be customized based on field profile, bore size, and application requirements.
Cooling System
Efficient cooling is critical for Bitter magnets due to the square-law increase in heat dissipation with magnetic field strength. CryoNano magnets employ:
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De-ionized water cooling
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Typical inlet temperature: ~10 °C
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High flow rate with inlet pressure up to 12 bar
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Axial flow through precisely aligned cooling holes in each Bitter plate
This ensures safe operation at high currents while maintaining coil integrity and field stability.
DC Power Supply Integration
CryoNano supplies matched constant-current DC power supplies optimized for Bitter magnet operation.
Key Power Supply Features
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Input: 415 V, 50 Hz, 3-phase, 4-wire AC
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Output: Regulated DC suitable for generating up to 1.1 T field
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Current Capability: ~1000 A and above
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Power Rating:
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Nominal: 30–40 kW
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Maximum: Up to 50 kW
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Design Highlights
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Oil-cooled transformer and rectifier assembly
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Solid-state IGBT-based regulation
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Voltage-limited, constant-current operation
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Local and remote control capability
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External analog control for current and voltage settings
Built-In Protections
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Over-temperature protection
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Over-current and short-circuit protection
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Under-voltage and over-voltage input protection
Applications
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Gyrotron magnets
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High-power microwave and RF systems
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Plasma physics experiments
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Accelerator and beamline research
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Magnetic field-dependent material studies
Customization & Engineering Support
CryoNano Bitter magnets are engineered to order, with customization available for:
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Bore size and axial length
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Magnetic field strength and profile
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Cooling requirements
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Power supply integration
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Control and interlock interfaces
Backed by in-house design, manufacturing, and testing capabilities, CryoNano delivers reliable, research-grade high-field magnet systems tailored to your application.
